FBA
Functional Behavior Assessment
An FBA is a systematic data-collection process, required under 34 CFR §300.530(d)(1)(ii) when a student's behavior impedes learning, that identifies the function of challenging behavior — escape, attention, tangible, or sensory — through antecedent-behavior-consequence (ABC) records, structured interviews, and direct observation. The hypothesized function drives the Behavior Intervention Plan (BIP). Function-matched interventions yield approximately 20 percentage-point larger effects than non-matched ones (Gage, Lewis & Stichter 2012, Behavioral Disorders 37(2):55-77).
Regulatory Citation
Example in Practice
ABC logging reveals a student consistently disrupts class when presented with two-digit subtraction worksheets and is sent to a calm-down space. The hypothesized function is escape from non-preferred academic demand; the BIP teaches a "break card" request as a functionally equivalent replacement.
Key Research Citations
- ·Gage, Lewis & Stichter (2012, Behavioral Disorders 37(2):55-77) — Function-matched interventions meta-analysis
- ·O'Neill, Albin, Storey, Horner & Sprague (2015) — Functional Assessment and Program Development, 3rd ed.
- ·Carr et al. (2002, J Positive Behavior Interventions 4(1):4-16) — Behavior as communication
Full bibliography available on the Research page.
This glossary entry is educational. It is not legal or clinical advice. Consult a qualified attorney or licensed clinician before making decisions that rely on this summary.